CG Board Class 9 English Unit 5 Culture (Reading C) Hamaguchi are given below for Hindi Medium students.
CG Board Class 9 English Unit 5 Culture (Reading C) Hamaguchi
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Comprehension-
Q.I. Answer the following questions.
1. What similarities and differences do you find between the celebration of the harvest festival described in the lesson and that celebrated in your village/town?
Ans:- The similarities include decorating houses, coloured clothes and dance programs. In our town the celebration also includes offering the harvested crop to the family deity on the 9th day (Navami) of the Bhadrapad month. We call it the Navakahana Festival.
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2. Hamaguchi was frightened by the tsunami. Why? Write down the expressions which convey his fear.
Ans:- Hamaguchi had seen many earthquakes in his life. He got frightened until he saw the sea. The sea had become a menacing dark green and very rough. Instead of the waves rolling on to the beach, the water was now running away . By looking at all this, Hamaguchi got scared.
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3. Tada said that his grandfather was mad. Comment on Anyone’s use of the word ‘mad’ for his grandfather.
Ans:- Hamaguchi saw the water coming on the way towards the village. There was no time left to send a message, there was no other option left for Hamaguchi so he set his own field on fire. After being noticed, all ran towards his field to help. They asked how the fire took place. Then Hamaguchi’s grandson claimed that it was his grandfather who caused this damage to his own field. This is when being a child and not understanding the situation, he used the word ‘mad’.
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4. What, do you think, the bells in the temple conveyed to the villagers?
Ans:– The bells in the temple conveyed to the villagers that something has taken place which should be taken care of in priority. When the priest in the temple saw the fire,he rang the bell. That’s when villages saw fire and ran towards Hamaguchi field.
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5. How would you describe Hamaguchi?
Ans:- Hamaguchi is an audacious and brave man. He is a kind man. It was he who had used the trick of setting his rice field on fire to save human lives. This bravery act of his saved everyone. He is a true hero.
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6. Describe the effect of the tsunami on the village. You can take the description from the text and also from your imagination.
Ans:- Tsunamis affect human lives in many ways. It is one of the major natural disasters and there is no control on it. Tsunami destroyed everything that people had right from their house to their field, temples, every effect went into the water. The shock and distribution it gives to people can’t be described.
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7. What do you think would have been the efforts that the villagers would have made to bring life back to normal?
Ans:- After the things would have been natural, villagers would have gathered together to discious things and get the work started from scratch. They must have divided themselves in groups according to work so that things could get back to normal life.
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Q.II. Group activity-
Present a mute show on the story you have read in this lesson.
Vocabulary-
Q.I. Look at the pictures given above. They show different water related natural disasters. How are tsunami, flood and cyclone different? List other natural disasters.
Ans:
1)When an earthquake occurs under the sea it causes a Tsunami.
2) Floods occur when land that is usually dry is submerged in large amounts of water.
3) Cyclone refers to a spinning storm that rotates around a low pressure center accompanied by powerful winds.
Other Natural Disasters are earthquakes, Landslides etc.
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Q.II. The first letter of the word, ‘tsunami’ is silent. Speak these words aloud and circle the silent letter(s).
would, could, dumb, tomb, know, listen, comb, honest, hour bomb, doubt, thumb, often, debt, receipt, limb, column, sign, design, tongue, write, daughter, wrist, knife.
Grammar-
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Q.Fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’, or ‘the’.
Once upon a time there lived —an— old man with his five sons. As the man was getting old and weak he wanted all his sons to join his business and work together. But —the— sons were perpetually quarrelling among themselves. Once it so happened that they fought so much among themselves that they cut each other’s moustaches. When the old man failed to settle their disputes by his exhortations, he determined to give them a practical illustration of the evils of lack of union. He asked each one of his sons to bring a stick to him. The man tied all the five sticks into a bundle. When he had done so, he placed a faggot into the hands of each one of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in to pieces. They tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it. He next opened the faggot, took the sticks separately, one by one, and again put them into his sons’ hands. The sons could easily break them now.
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Writing-
Q.Study the following paragraph.
Onam is the most important festival of the state of Kerala. It is a harvest festival. The festival is celebrated to welcome King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit Kerala during Onam. Onam is celebrated in the month of August-September. Elaborate feasts, folk songs, elegant dances, energetic games, boat race and floral rangoli mark the celebration of Onam. The feast includes a variety of vegetarian dishes served on a banana leaf. The boats are decorated for the boat race and rowed by hundreds of boatmen who sing while the spectators cheer them.
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Q.Let’s analyse the paragraph.
As you can see, the paragraph provides answers to the following questions.
1)Where is Onam celebrated?
Ans:– Kerala.
2)Why is Onam celebrated?
Ans:- The festival is celebrated to welcome King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit Kerala during Onam.
3)When is Onam celebrated?
Ans:- August – September
4) How is Onam celebrated?
Ans:- Elaborate feasts, folk songs, elegant dances, energetic games, boat race and floral rangoli mark the celebration of Onam. The feast includes a variety of vegetarian dishes served on a banana leaf. The boats are decorated for the boat race and rowed by hundreds of boatmen who sing while the spectators cheer them.
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PRACTICE EXERCISE – IV
Q.I. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :
The Apatanis are not the only tattooed tribe in northeastern India. The headhunting Konyaks of Nagaland used to tattoo their faces like headhunters from the Philippines, Taiwan and other Pacific islands. Facial tattoos were marks of the head-taker, the various designs indicating the person’s prowess in battle and his head-count. Researchers say that tattoos helped establish tribal identity besides enabling recognition after death in a war or a fatal accident. Facial tattooing was prevalent among Noctes and Wanchos of Arunachal as well.
(Reading A : Tattoos)
1. Choose the correct alternative in each of the following.
(i) Headhunters do not belong to …………….
a. Philippines
b. Sri Lanka
c. Taiwan
d. Pacific islands.
Ans:- b. Sri Lanka
(ii) The tribe in northeastern India who tattoo their faces are ………….
a. Bhils
b. Gonds
c. Sherpas
d. Apatanis
Ans:- d. Apatanis
(iii) According to the passage, tattoos showed………………..
a. a person’s power
b. tribal identity
c. living habit
d. artistic taste.
Ans:- b. tribal identity
(iv) The various designs of tattoos indicated. ………………..
a. the headcount of a person
b. protection from enemies
c. head hunting
d. the people from pacific island
Ans:- a. the headcount of a person
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Q.2. Answer the following questions:
a. Which tribes of northeast other than Apatanis get their faces tattooed?
Ans:- Kanyks of Nagaland, Noctes and Wanchos of Arunachal are northeast tribes other than Apatanis get their faces tattooed.
b. What did the various designs of tattoos indicate?
Ans:- Facial tattoos were marks of the head-taker, the various designs indicating the person’s prowess in battle and his head-count.
c. What was the role of tattoos?
Ans:- The tattoos helped establish tribal identity besides enabling recognition after death in a war or a fatal accident.
d. Which tribe of Arunachal Pradesh uses facial tattoos?
Ans:- Noctes and Wanchos of Arunachal Pradesh.
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Q.3. Give on word for the following, as in the Example : e.g. Something related to a tribe is tribal
i. A piece of land surrounded by water ……………….…….
ii. One who does research ………………..….
iii. Causing harm to life, can cause death …………………
iv. Some practices that are popular …………….…….
v. Expertise in a particular skill or activity ……………..……
Ans:- i) Island ii) Researcher iii) fatal iv) Prevalent v) Prowers
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Q.4. Look at the following words : teacher, doctor, engineer, soldier
They are all “doers”. The spellings of the words end in – -er, -or, -eer, or -ier. Complete the following words using : -er, -or, -eer, or -ier.
a. Act or b. bak__er__ c. carpent er d. cash __ier__ e. collect_or_ f. danc__er__ g. direct__or____ h. doct __or_____ i. engin __eer__ j. paint __er____ .
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Q.II. Given below is an extract from the poem, ‘Maori Greeting’ by Francis Duggan. Read the poem carefully and answer the questions that follow.
MAORI GREETING
No matter where the cafe or the bus stop
The pub or sidewalk of the busy street
It’s part of what is their time honoured custom
That Maoris will rub noses when they greet.
Do not ask me why the Maoris rub noses
For about their culture there’s little I know
Perhaps their great ancestors brought it with them
From outer Islands centuries ago.
(Francis Duggan)
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Q.1. Choose the correct alternative in each of the following.
(i) When the Maoris greet each other they ……………..
a. walk on the footpath
b. rub noses
c. shout aloud
d. wave hands
Ans:- b. rub noses
(ii) When Maoris say “How are you?” they do not …………..
a. shake hands
b. rub noses
c. smile
d. wave hands
Ans:- a. shake hands
(iii) The place that is not mentioned in the poem is ……………..
a. cafe
b. bus stop
c. office
d. Pub
Ans:-c. office
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Q.2. Answer the questions in brief.
a. What does the poet not know about Maori culture of rubbing noses when they greet?
Ans:- The poet does not know why the people in Maori culture rub their noses when they greet.
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b. What is special about the old customs of the Maoris?
Ans:- From the old customs of Maoris, we get to know that it was their great ancestors who brought the custom of rubbing the noses with each other from outer islands centuries ago.
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c. Pick out the lines that tell that the custom came from some other place.
Ans:- Perhaps their great ancestors brought it with them from outer Island centuries ago.
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Q.3.A.Which words in the poem mean the following:
A place where you can buy drinks and food :
A place where you can buy coffee to drink:
A place where the bus stops :
A path for people to walk along :
Ans:- A. Restaurants
B. Cafe
C. Bus stop
D. footpath
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B. Find a word and a phrase used for ‘old’ in the poem.
Ans:- Ancestors.
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C. Complete the grid using the hints below :
(i) Old Ancestors
(ii) Tradition custom
(iii) Footpath Street
(iv) Hundred years century
(v) Hello great
(vi) Much work busy
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Q.4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the words given in brackets.
Maoris are great …Warriors… (war) but they follow a good sense of ……..friendship…. (friend) They always keep …smiling.. (smile) faces when they see each other. Wherever they are, they follow the custom of ..rubbing…. (rub) noses as a symbol of …greeting… (greet). Their ways of …saying.. (say) what you do is full of energy and goodwill.
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Q.5. Read the following sentences and complete the table below. The first sentence has been done for you.
a. The old man felt a slight movement.
b. It is raining.
c. He laughs loudly.
d. The dry sacks caught fire quickly.
e. The priest in the temple saw fire.
f. The strong wind carried the sparks further.
g. Meenu is walking to school.
| No. | Subject | Verb | Object |
| a | The old man | felt | a slight movement |
| b | If | is | Raining |
| c | He | laugh | Loudly |
| d | The dry sacks | caught | Fire Quickly |
| e | The priest | Saw fire | In the temple |
| f | Meenu | Is walking | To school |
| g | The strong wind | Carried | The sparks further |
Note : The subject, object or verb can consist of more than one word.
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Q.6. Look at the following sentence:
a. Michi’s grandmother wears a tattoo.
Subject Verb Object
b. Rival tribes abducted their women.
Subject Verb Object
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Q.These sentences are written in an active voice. They can also be written in passive voice as follows:
a. A tattoo is worn by Michi’s grandmother.
b. Their women were abducted by rival tribes.
In passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, the form of the verb is changed and the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped). Before the new subject ‘by’ is added.
Observe how the form of the verb changes in passive voice..
| wear is worn |
| wore was worn |
| is wearing is being worn |
| was wearing was being worn |
| has worn has been worn |
| had worn had been worn |
| will wear will be worn |
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Similarly, find out the subject, verb and object in the following sentences and change them into passive voice.
a. Ainu of Japan wore facial tattoos.
Ans:- Subject: Ainu, Verb: wore, Object: facial tattoos
Passive: Facial tattoos were worn by Ainu of Japan.
b. Apatanis were various kinds of jewellery.
Ans:- Subject: Apatanis, Verb: were, Object: jewellery
Passive: Various kinds of jewellery were worn by apatanis.
c. Researchers used Tattoos to identify dead people.
Ans:- Subject: Researchers, Verb: used, Object: dead people
Passive: To identify dead people tattoos were used by researchers.
d. Her next question removed my doubts.
Ans:– Subject: Her, Verb: removed, Object: doubts
Passive: My doubts were removed by her next question.
e. Michi speaks tribal language.
Ans:- Subject: Michi, Verb: speaks, Object: tribal language
Passive:Tribal language is spoken by michi.
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Q.7. Newspaper headlines, public notices etc. often use the passive. Look at this newspaper cutting.
In newspapers the editor cannot often identify the doer of the action because the doer may not be important or may not be known. Sometimes it is necessary to hide the identity of the doer. In such cases agent / doer can be omitted. Observe the headlines in the news paper cuttings above
| Maruti suspends production of cars (Active Voice) Traffic disrupted in Gurgaon (Passive Voice) Look out notice issued for three students (Passive Voice) |
Convert the sentences below into headlines.
(Remember to take out unnecessary words such as a, the, has, is, some). It is not always necessary to say who or what the action was done by.
a. The Policemen have arrested several terrorists.
Ans:- Several terrorists were arrested.
b. Violent storms hit the coast of Kanyakumari.
Ans:- Kanyakumari hit by violent storms.
c. Rain disrupted the last day’s play between India and South Africa.
Ans:- India and South Africa’s match got disrupted by rain.
d. The workers have finished the Railway bridge.
Ans:- Railway bridge’s work has been finished.
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Q.8. A compound sentence is made up of two or more complete sentences connected by a conjunction (a joining word) such as and, but, or, so, while etc.
Read the following sentences.
a. The married women of the Singpho tribe were tattooed on both legs from the ankle to knee, while the men tattooed their limbs.
b. Ravi walked through the dark jungle but he was not scared at all.
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Q.Create your own compound sentences on the lines below by combining a sentence from column A with one from column B. Connect them with a conjunction, You can use sentences more than once.
| Rani went to the carnival. Rani wanted to ride the roller coaster. Rani played arcade games. Rani tried to win a stuffed bear. Rani started to get hungry. | She had a great time. She rode on all the rides. She didn’t have enough money. She didn’t stay for long. She stood in a long line. It started to rain She won a barbie doll. She ate panipuri. |
Ans:- a) Rani went to the carnival and She rode on all the rides
b) Rani wanted to ride the roller coaster but She didn’t have enough money.
c) Rani played arcade games and She had a great time.
d) Rani tried to win a stuffed bear but She won a barbie doll.
e) Rani started to get hungry so She ate panipuri.
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(ii) Rearrange the words to make sentences. Then write the story in a paragraph in your notebook Underline the conjunctions used in the story.
a. at/it/happened/the/beginning of/one day/winter
b. saw/we/little boy/a
c. he/when/tried/he/to run away/saw us
d. boy/the/not/we/to be/told/afraid
e. told/then/he/going to/wasn’t/school/he/us
f. to go/he/home/said/wanted/he
g. took/to school/we/the/boy
h.actually/wanted/because/to go home/the boy/his/forgotten/lunch box/had/he It happened at the beginning of one winter day
Ans:- a) It happened at the beginning of one winter day.
b) we saw a little bay
c) when he saw us, he tried to run away.
d) we told the boy not to be afraid
e) Then he told us he wasn’t going to school
f) he said he wanted to go home
g) we took the boy to school
h) Actually he wanted to go home because he had forgotten his lunch box.
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Q.9.Connectors are words that join sentences together and show how ideas are related.
Words like : and, but, where, while, after, until, so, if, as etc. are used as connectors.
Read the following sentences
a. Neelam likes dancing and singing but her sister likes swimming.
b. The theatre was half empty as it was raining heavily.
c. She decided to take only two meals a day so that she could reduce her weight.
d. An accident happened where the public meeting was going on.
e. The firemen had not arrived when the fire was put out.
f. Nayan can sing as well as any of his classmates.
g. You will feel comfortable if you open all the windows.
h. It rained so hard that we could not go out in the evening.
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Q.Given below is a small story. Read the story and fill in the blanks with suitable connectors.
It rained very well that year, __and__ Farmer Jack’s field was filled with golden corn. One day, Farmer Jack told his sons, “Boys, you must reap this crop, sell it in the market and bring me the money.” The three sons reaped the crop and sold it in the market at a good price. They then returned home to give their father the money. Farmer Jack divided the money amongst the three sons, and _by___giving it to them he said, “This is the treasure I was talking about. This money has come from our field in which the three of you worked very hard. You will get treasure all your life like this for which you will have to work hard every year. The lazy sons understood the wisdom of their father’s words as they were precious. So they did not live together, they continued to work hard.
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Q.10. Listen to the passage read out by your teacher about sea lions. Say whether the statements given below are true or false.
a. A sea lion can’t ride on horseback while balancing a ball. ( )
b. A sea lion can bring up weights from the bottom of the pool. ( )
c. Sea lions are afraid of people. ( )
d. Sea lions can’t jump over a bar above the water. ( )
e. A sea lion can balance a glass of water on a stick. ( )
f. A sea lion can easily balance a ball on his nose. ( )
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Q.11. Festivals are celebrated in different communities in various ways. Divide the class into groups according to communities and talk about the customs followed in your community in the festivals.
Hints : i. Names of local festivals, Navaratri, Holi, Makar Sakranti, Naya Khai, Hareli, Teeja, Bhai Dooj,
ii. Food Items prepared
iii. Decoration done
iv. Other customs followed
Ans:-
| Navratri | Holi | Naya Khai | Makar Sankranti | Hareli | Bhai Dooj | |
| Food | Sabudana Khichadi | Thandai | Nua Bhaat | Til Ladoo | Bore Bassi | Besan Ladoo |
| Decoration | Hanging torans | Balloons | Rangoli with soaked rice powder | Oil Lamps | Decorating gates with Neem Leaves | Thali Decoration |
| Other Customs | Fasting | Playing with colours | Lagna Deka | Kite Flying | Tilak |
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Q.12. In India, we follow different customs of greeting. Write down the expressions and gestures (actions) used by people to greet and show respect to each other.
| Expressions and Action |
| Pranam – Touching feet. |
| Namaste – Pressing the palms together with the fingertips facing upwards, bow a little. |
| Adaab – Raising your right hand, with the palm upward and bringing the tips of the fingers close to the forehead, almost touching it. |
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Q.13. You saw a dream last night in which you were on a far off land you had never seen before. Write a letter to your friend describing your dream.
Ans:- House No. 3 R
Model Town
New Delhi
16th August 2022
Dear Priyanka,
Hope this letter finds you in the best of health and happiness. In your last letter you described a new routine at your hostel. I am so happy and proud to see your progress.
I am writing to you to share with you a dream I saw last night. As I was tired because of the Independence day function at school, I went to bed early followed by a really horrible dream.
I saw myself in a place which was completely unknown to me. After looking around I realised it was some island. I moved forward to explore the place. There were weird kinds of trees with great height and different varieties of flowers. There was a constant sound coming from somewhere which was soothing. I followed it and reached a lake. The water was pinkish. The environment was beautiful, a cool breeze made me feel a weird touch. Seconds later my alarm ran and made me realise it was just a dream. I wonder what I would have done if it were real.
Let me know how you felt after reading this letter. I am eagerly waiting to know what else you are going to do at your school. Take care of yourself.
Your Friend
Anjali.